Guide to Clay and Tile Roofing Materials Key Terms

Cement your knowledge of clay and tile roofing terminology

By Donna Christenberry

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In many parts of the world, clay tile roofs have been the norm for centuries. During the 1800s, cement tile roofs were developed. Designs include many types of tiles, such as S-tile and the pan and cover, as well as tiles that look like slate. The Tile Roofing Institute works to set standards for the industry in the United States, to ensure that tile roofs meet standards for durability, water-tightness, and to make that problems such as black core are avoided.

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Clay tile roofing

Clay tile roofing is made by mining clay from the soil, shaping and molding it into the desired shape, and firing it in a kiln. Roofs made from clay tiles are durable, lasting 40 to 50 years.

I recommend: RoofHelper describes the benefits of clay tile for roofing.

Black core

If clay tiles are not fired completely in a kiln, only the surface will be baked. Inside, the tile will be a black core of carbon, leaving the structure of the tile very weak.

I recommend: Forever Clay Roof Tile describes the firing process needed to avoid the occurrence of black core.

Tile Roofing Institute

The Tile Roofing Institute is a major force in the concrete and clay tile roofing industry. It consists of producers and associates in the industry and works on code development and testing for products.

I recommend: Learn more about the Tile Roofing Institute at its website.

Concrete tile roofing

Concrete tile roofing is created from a slurry of water, cement and sand. Some tiles also contain fiber. Like clay tiles, concrete tiles are long-lasting and strong. Concrete tiles come in a variety of shapes and colors, and can even imitate the look of wood shakes and slate roofs.

I recommend: McGraw-Hill Continuing Education talks about shapes and colors of concrete roof tile.

S-tile, pan and cover, interlocking

S-tile, pan and cover, and interlocking are names for types of profile tiles. These are tiles which are not flat, but rather have a raised profile. The S-tile, or Spanish-tile roof is the most traditional and consists of a semicircle shape with a lip that fits under the neighboring piece. The pan and cover consists of a semicircular tile facing up, interlocking with a semicircular tile facing down.

I recommend: Architecture Week discusses what shapes are best to use for certain climates.

Hurricane clips

Hurricane clips are metal straps used to lock down the edges of roof tiles or the ridges on the tops of roofs. These clips help keep the tiles in place in extreme weather.

I recommend: Hurricane Retrofit Guide offers photos and information on hurricane clips.