Cement block, concrete block

The terms cement block, or concrete block, are often used interchangeably. Cement blocks are created from a mixture of cement, water and small stones or gravel. To lighten the weight, companies manufacture concrete blocks with two or three holes, which are called two- or three-core blocks.

I recommend: For more information on concrete blocks, along with illustrations of many different shapes of block, visit U.S. Concrete.

Cinder block

Cinder blocks, as their name implies, contain cinders, the leftovers from burned coal. Companies combine Portland cement, water and cinders to create the blocks for masonry use. One difference between cinder blocks and concrete blocks is the weight; cinder blocks are lighter. In addition, the exterior of cinder blocks tends to have a rougher texture than that of a smoothed concrete block.

I recommend: wiseGEEK reviews the differences between cinder blocks and concrete blocks.

Stretcher block

Stretcher block is the term for the standard size of cement block. They are called 8-inch blocks, but the 8x8x16-inch shape actually runs 7 5/8 inches on the sides and 15 5/8 inches in length. Mortar in the joints brings the measurement up to 8 inches and 16 inches.

I recommend: Kight Home Center discusses stretcher blocks and shows illustrations of two- and three-core blocks.

Jamb block

A jamb block is used around window frames. The block has a recessed area at one end that provides space for the window casing to be inserted.

I recommend: Scroll down to Figure 2-1 for an illustration of a jamb block at Sweethaven Publishing Services. Below the illustration is a discussion of jamb block use.

LEED compliant

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) is a ratings system of the non-profit U.S. Green Building Council that covers energy efficiency, materials and resources, sustainable site development, water savings, indoor environmental quality and design innovation. Some concrete block manufacturers are voluntarily producing materials that help with LEED projects.

I recommend: The U.S. Green Building Council provides more details about LEED and going green with construction projects. New Holland Concrete discusses details that make concrete blocks LEED compliant.

National Concrete Masonry Association (NCMA)

The National Concrete Masonry Association sets the standards for masonry construction in the United States.

I recommend: Learn about the mission and programs offered by the NCMA.